{"part":"task","text":"# Datasets\nPass a dataset's id as the `dataset` argument.\n{\n \"id\": \"ds_0085\",\n \"rows\": 2703,\n \"description\": \"| Variable Name                 | Description                                                                                         |\\n|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\\n| cand_id                       | Unique identifier for the candidate                                                                 |\\n| okrug_id                      | Identifier for the single-member electoral district within a region                                 |\\n| okrug_win                     | Indicator for whether the candidate won the single-member district seat (1=yes, 0=no)              |\\n| region                        | Name of the Russian region (federal subject)                                                        |\\n| margin                        | Candidate\u2019s vote margin relative to the nearest rival (in share points)                             |\\n| margin_i                      | Interaction/auxiliary term based on vote margin used in modeling                                    |\\n| margin_2                      | Squared term of vote margin                                                                         |\\n| margin_i2                     | Squared interaction/auxiliary term based on vote margin                                            |\\n| margin_3                      | Cubic term of vote margin                                                                           |\\n| margin_i3                     | Cubic interaction/auxiliary term based on vote margin                                              |\\n| actualendyear                 | Final year of the legislative convocation relevant to the candidacy                                 |\\n| actualstartyear               | First year of the legislative convocation relevant to the candidacy                                 |\\n| reg_id                        | Numeric region code                                                                                 |\\n| sector                        | Two\u2011digit industry code (All-Russian Classification/OKVED) for the firm                             |\\n| age_start_l                   | Natural log of the candidate\u2019s age at the time of the election                                      |\\n| male                          | Indicator for candidate gender (1=male, 0=female)                                                   |\\n| incumbent                     | Indicator for whether the candidate served in the previous regional convocation                     |\\n| ur                            | Indicator for United Russia (UR) party membership                                                   |\\n| party_win                     | -                                                                                                   |\\n| foreign                       | Indicator for whether the firm has any foreign ownership                                            |\\n| soe                           | Indicator for whether the firm has any state ownership                                              |\\n| system_firm                   | Indicator for \u201csystemically important\u201d enterprise designation                                       |\\n| agriculture                   | Indicator for firm in agriculture/food-related sectors                                              |\\n| construction                  | Indicator for firm in the construction sector                                                       |\\n| resources                     | Indicator for firm in natural resource industries (e.g., mining, oil, gas)                          |\\n| immobile                      | Indicator for firm with immobile/specific assets (manufacturing, mining, energy, construction, ag.) |\\n| pr_and_smd                    | Indicator for candidates appearing on both party list and single-member district ballots            |\\n| totalassets.s                 | Total assets in the pre\u2011election year (rubles)                                                      |\\n| totalassets.s.l               | Natural log of total assets in the pre\u2011election year                                                |\\n| fullturnover.s                | Total revenue/turnover in the pre\u2011election year (rubles)                                            |\\n| fullturnover.s.l              | Natural log of total revenue in the pre\u2011election year                                               |\\n| fullturnover.average.l        | Average of logged revenue over the convocation window                                               |\\n| pmarg.s                       | Profit margin in the pre\u2011election year (net profit / revenue)                                       |\\n| leverage.s                    | Leverage in the pre\u2011election year (total liabilities / total assets)                                |\\n| leverage.s.ihs                | Inverse hyperbolic sine transform of leverage (pre\u2011election year)                                   |\\n| taxrate.s                     | Effective profit tax rate in the pre\u2011election year (profit tax paid / profit before tax)            |\\n| receivedcontracts_regmuni.s   | Regional/municipal procurement contracts prior to the election (count/value indicator)              |\\n| totalassets.e                 | Total assets in the final year of the relevant convocation (rubles)                                  |\\n| totalassets.e.l               | Natural log of total assets in the final year                                                        |\\n| fullturnover.e                | Total revenue/turnover in the final year (rubles)                                                   |\\n| fullturnover.e.l              | Natural log of total revenue in the final year                                                       |\\n| pmarg.e                       | Profit margin in the final year                                                                      |\\n| leverage.e                    | Leverage in the final year (total liabilities / total assets)                                       |\\n| leverage.e.ihs                | Inverse hyperbolic sine transform of leverage (final year)                                          |\\n| taxrate.e                     | Effective profit tax rate in the final year                                                          |\\n| fullturnover.e.l.d            | Change in logged revenue between pre\u2011election year and final year                                   |\\n| pmarg.d                       | Change in profit margin between pre\u2011election year and final year                                    |\\n| pmarg.average                 | Average profit margin over the convocation window                                                    |\\n| receivedcontracts_regmuni     | Regional/municipal procurement contracts over the convocation window (count/value indicator)        |\\n| reg_democracy_c               | Carnegie regional democracy index (composite score)                                                  |\\n| percurseats                   | Share of seats held by the ruling party in the regional legislature                                  |\\n| log_grp                       | Log of regional gross product per capita                                                             |\\n| oilgas                        | Indicator for presence of oil/gas in the region                                                      |\\n| ur_residuals                  | Residualized measure related to ruling party strength (centered)                                     |\\n| dem_residuals                 | Residualized measure related to regional democracy score (centered)                                  |\\n| reg_grp_pc_log_r              | Logged gross regional product per capita (regional measure, rescaled)                                |\\n| numcandspersector             | Number of candidates from the same sector in the convocation/region                                  |\\n| percbus                       | Share of legislators with business backgrounds in the convocation                                    |\\n| civil_soc_c                   | Carnegie component score: civil society                                                              |\\n| media_c                       | Carnegie component score: media                                                                      |\\n| openness_c                    | Carnegie component score: openness                                                                   |\\n| pluralism_c                   | Carnegie component score: political pluralism                                                         |\\n| elecs_c                       | Carnegie component score: elections                                                                  |\\n| pol_struc_c                   | Carnegie component score: political structure/institutions                                           |\\n| director_full                 | Indicator that the candidate held a director/deputy director role at the firm                        |\\n| full_firmname                 | Full legal name of the firm                                                                           |\\n| inn                           | Firm\u2019s Russian taxpayer identification number (INN)                                                   |\\n\\n\\nData Description:\\nThis dataset links regional legislative candidates in Russia (2004\u20132011) to the private firms they led at the time of their campaigns, combining election records, firm financial statements, procurement records, and regional institutional indicators. Candidate information (districts, party affiliation, incumbency, basic demographics) is drawn from the Russian Central Election Commission and matched to firms via company registry data on directors, deputy directors, and board members.\\n\\nFirm-level financials (assets, revenue, profits, leverage, and tax rates) originate from the SPARK database aggregating Rosstat filings; public procurement information comes from the federal registry of regional and municipal contracts; sector codes follow the All-Russian industry classification; and regional context measures include the Carnegie democracy index, ruling-party seat shares, resource endowments, and gross regional product. Variables are provided for pre\u2011election and end\u2011of\u2011convocation periods, along with simple differences and averages, allowing analysts to explore patterns in firm performance and public contracting across regions, sectors, and political settings.\",\n \"columns\": {\n  \"cand_id\": \"int64\",\n  \"okrug_id\": \"int64\",\n  \"okrug_win\": \"int64\",\n  \"region\": \"str\",\n  \"margin\": \"float64\",\n  \"margin_i\": \"float64\",\n  \"margin_2\": \"float64\",\n  \"margin_i2\": \"float64\",\n  \"margin_3\": \"float64\",\n  \"margin_i3\": \"float64\",\n  \"actualendyear\": \"int64\",\n  \"actualstartyear\": \"int64\",\n  \"reg_id\": \"int64\",\n  \"sector\": \"int64\",\n  \"age_start_l\": \"float64\",\n  \"male\": \"int64\",\n  \"incumbent\": \"int64\",\n  \"ur\": \"int64\",\n  \"party_win\": \"int64\",\n  \"foreign\": \"int64\",\n  \"soe\": \"int64\",\n  \"system_firm\": \"int64\",\n  \"agriculture\": \"int64\",\n  \"construction\": \"int64\",\n  \"resources\": \"int64\",\n  \"immobile\": \"int64\",\n  \"pr_and_smd\": \"int64\",\n  \"totalassets.s\": \"int64\",\n  \"totalassets.s.l\": \"float64\",\n  \"fullturnover.s\": \"float64\",\n  \"fullturnover.s.l\": \"float64\",\n  \"fullturnover.average.l\": \"float64\",\n  \"pmarg.s\": \"float64\",\n  \"leverage.s\": \"float64\",\n  \"leverage.s.ihs\": \"float64\",\n  \"taxrate.s\": \"float64\",\n  \"receivedcontracts_regmuni.s\": \"float64\",\n  \"totalassets.e\": \"int64\",\n  \"totalassets.e.l\": \"float64\",\n  \"fullturnover.e\": \"float64\",\n  \"fullturnover.e.l\": \"float64\",\n  \"pmarg.e\": \"float64\",\n  \"leverage.e\": \"float64\",\n  \"leverage.e.ihs\": \"float64\",\n  \"taxrate.e\": \"float64\",\n  \"fullturnover.e.l.d\": \"float64\",\n  \"pmarg.d\": \"float64\",\n  \"pmarg.average\": \"float64\",\n  \"receivedcontracts_regmuni\": \"float64\",\n  \"reg_democracy_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"percurseats\": \"float64\",\n  \"log_grp\": \"float64\",\n  \"oilgas\": \"int64\",\n  \"ur_residuals\": \"float64\",\n  \"dem_residuals\": \"float64\",\n  \"reg_grp_pc_log_r\": \"float64\",\n  \"numcandspersector\": \"float64\",\n  \"percbus\": \"float64\",\n  \"civil_soc_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"media_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"openness_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"pluralism_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"elecs_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"pol_struc_c\": \"float64\",\n  \"director_full\": \"int64\",\n  \"full_firmname\": \"str\",\n  \"inn\": \"int64\"\n }\n}"}