{"part":"task","text":"# Datasets\nPass a dataset's id as the `dataset` argument.\n{\n \"id\": \"ds_0059\",\n \"rows\": 66804,\n \"description\": \"| Variable Name             | Description                                                                                              |\\n|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\\n| (index)                   | Row index from the source file.                                                                          |\\n| cntry                     | Country code (ESS two-letter code for country of interview).                                             |\\n| freehms                   | ESS item: attitude toward whether gay and lesbian people should be free to live as they wish (Likert).   |\\n| euftf                     | Feeling thermometer toward the European Union (0\u201310 scale).                                              |\\n| blgetmg                   | Self-identifies as belonging to a minority group in the country.                                         |\\n| facntr                    | Father\u2019s country of birth (coded; 0 = country of interview, 1 = other).                                  |\\n| mocntr                    | Mother\u2019s country of birth (coded; 0 = country of interview, 1 = other).                                  |\\n| ipeqopt                   | Personal values: important that people are treated equally and have equal opportunities (1\u20136).           |\\n| ipudrst                   | Personal values: important to understand different people (1\u20136).                                         |\\n| year                      | Survey year.                                                                                             |\\n| plus6                     | Indicator: completed at least 6 years of education (1 = yes).                                            |\\n| plus7                     | Indicator: completed at least 7 years of education (1 = yes).                                            |\\n| plus8                     | Indicator: completed at least 8 years of education (1 = yes).                                            |\\n| plus9                     | Indicator: completed at least 9 years of education (1 = yes).                                            |\\n| plus10                    | Indicator: completed at least 10 years of education (1 = yes).                                           |\\n| plus11                    | Indicator: completed at least 11 years of education (1 = yes).                                           |\\n| plus12                    | Indicator: completed at least 12 years of education (1 = yes).                                           |\\n| plus13                    | Indicator: completed at least 13 years of education (1 = yes).                                           |\\n| close_far_right           | Indicator: respondent reports feeling closest to a far-right party (any closeness level).                |\\n| running                   | Cohort index: birth year distance from a country-specific reference cohort (negative = earlier).         |\\n| reform                    | Country-specific label for the relevant compulsory schooling change (reference point for cohorts).       |\\n| eduyrs_actual             | Completed years of education, capped at 13 to reflect secondary schooling.                               |\\n| eduyrs                    | Standardized (z-score) years of education based on eduyrs_actual.                                        |\\n| any_tertiary              | Indicator: has any tertiary (post-secondary) education (1 = yes).                                        |\\n| round_1                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 1 (2002) sample (1 = yes).                                      |\\n| round_2                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 2 (1 = yes).                                                     |\\n| round_3                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 3 (1 = yes).                                                     |\\n| round_4                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 4 (1 = yes).                                                     |\\n| round_5                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 5 (1 = yes).                                                     |\\n| round_6                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 6 (1 = yes).                                                     |\\n| round_7                   | Indicator: European Social Survey Round 7 (1 = yes).                                                     |\\n| female                    | Gender indicator (1 = female, 0 = male).                                                                 |\\n| anti_immi1_or             | Binary: \u201cnone\u201d on at least one of the three immigrant inflow items (OR aggregator).                      |\\n| anti_immi2_or             | Binary: \u201cnone\u201d or \u201cfew\u201d on at least one of the three immigrant inflow items (OR aggregator).             |\\n| anti_immi1_and            | Binary: \u201cnone\u201d on all three immigrant inflow items (AND aggregator).                                     |\\n| anti_immi2_and            | Binary: \u201cnone\u201d or \u201cfew\u201d on all three immigrant inflow items (AND aggregator).                            |\\n| anti_immi1_ave            | Mean of the three \u201cnone\u201d indicators across immigrant inflow items (0\u20131).                                 |\\n| anti_immi2_ave            | Mean of the three \u201cnone or few\u201d indicators across immigrant inflow items (0\u20131).                          |\\n| imdfetn_dummy             | Binary: restrictive response (\u201cnone or few\u201d) for immigrants of a different race/ethnic group.            |\\n| imdfetn_dummy_strong      | Binary: most restrictive response (\u201cnone\u201d) for immigrants of a different race/ethnic group.              |\\n| imsmetn_dummy             | Binary: restrictive response (\u201cnone or few\u201d) for immigrants of the same race/ethnic group.               |\\n| imsmetn_dummy_strong      | Binary: most restrictive response (\u201cnone\u201d) for immigrants of the same race/ethnic group.                 |\\n| impcntr_dummy             | Binary: restrictive response (\u201cnone or few\u201d) for immigrants from poorer countries outside Europe.        |\\n| impcntr_dummy_strong      | Binary: most restrictive response (\u201cnone\u201d) for immigrants from poorer countries outside Europe.          |\\n| imbgeco_dummy             | Binary: rating 0\u20134 on \u201cimmigration is bad or good for the economy\u201d (indicates negative view).            |\\n| imueclt_dummy             | Binary: rating 0\u20134 on \u201ccultural life undermined or enriched\u201d (indicates negative view).                  |\\n| imwbcnt_dummy             | Binary: rating 0\u20134 on \u201ccountry made worse or better place to live\u201d (indicates negative view).            |\\n| mother_secondary          | Indicator: mother completed secondary education (1 = yes).                                               |\\n| father_secondary          | Indicator: father completed secondary education (1 = yes).                                               |\\n| live_with_partner         | Indicator: currently living with a partner/spouse (1 = yes).                                             |\\n| never_married             | Indicator: never married (1 = yes).                                                                      |\\n| ever_divorced             | Indicator: ever divorced/separated (1 = yes).                                                            |\\n| child_at_home             | Indicator: has a child currently living in the household (1 = yes).                                      |\\n| ever_child_at_home        | Indicator: ever had a child living in the household (1 = yes).                                           |\\n| imdfetn                   | Standardized score from \u201callow immigrants of a different race/ethnic group\u201d item (higher = more restrictive). |\\n| imsmetn                   | Standardized score from \u201callow immigrants of the same race/ethnic group\u201d item (higher = more restrictive).    |\\n| impcntr                   | Standardized score from \u201callow immigrants from poorer countries outside Europe\u201d item (higher = more restrictive). |\\n| imbgeco                   | Standardized score from \u201cimmigration is bad/good for the economy\u201d item (higher = more negative).         |\\n| imueclt                   | Standardized score from \u201ccultural life undermined/enriched by immigration\u201d item (higher = more negative).|\\n| imwbcnt                   | Standardized score from \u201ccountry made worse/better place to live by immigration\u201d item (higher = more negative). |\\n| close_far_right_scale     | Closeness scale (1\u20134) to the far-right party identified as closest; missing if none named.               |\\n| scale                     | Composite anti-immigration scale (average of standardized items; across-country standardization).        |\\n| cont_scale                | Composite continuous anti-immigration scale built from the underlying continuous items.                  |\\n| factor                    | Latent factor score summarizing the six immigration attitude items.                                      |\\n| scale_within              | Composite anti-immigration scale standardized within country.                                            |\\n| cont_scale_within         | Within-country composite continuous scale from the immigration items.                                    |\\n| factor_within             | Within-country latent factor score summarizing the six immigration attitude items.                       |\\n\\nData Description: \\nThis dataset is constructed from the European Social Survey (ESS) rounds 1\u20137 (2002\u20132014) for Denmark, France, Great Britain (excluding Northern Ireland), the Netherlands, and Sweden. It merges original ESS responses with harmonized education measures, demographic controls, party closeness, personal values, and a detailed set of immigration-attitude recodes. The file also includes composite indices and standardized versions of key attitudes to facilitate cross-country and within-country comparisons.\\n\\nThe ESS collects nationally representative samples of residents aged 15+ using random probability designs and face-to-face interviews, typically around 2,000 respondents per country per round. For this study\u2019s context, respondents\u2019 years of education are capped at 13 to reflect secondary schooling, and multiple derived variables summarize immigration preferences: binary indicators for restrictive choices, averages across items, and composite scales combining economic, cultural, and overall livability assessments. Additional fields identify survey round, country, parental background, household structure, and a cohort index anchored to country-specific education policy reference points.\",\n \"columns\": {\n  \"cntry\": \"str\",\n  \"freehms\": \"float64\",\n  \"euftf\": \"float64\",\n  \"blgetmg\": \"float64\",\n  \"facntr\": \"float64\",\n  \"mocntr\": \"float64\",\n  \"ipeqopt\": \"float64\",\n  \"ipudrst\": \"float64\",\n  \"year\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus6\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus7\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus8\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus9\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus10\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus11\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus12\": \"int64\",\n  \"plus13\": \"int64\",\n  \"close_far_right\": \"float64\",\n  \"running\": \"int64\",\n  \"reform\": \"str\",\n  \"eduyrs_actual\": \"int64\",\n  \"eduyrs\": \"float64\",\n  \"any_tertiary\": \"float64\",\n  \"round_1\": \"int64\",\n  \"round_2\": \"int64\",\n  \"round_3\": \"int64\",\n  \"round_4\": \"int64\",\n  \"round_5\": \"int64\",\n  \"round_6\": \"int64\",\n  \"round_7\": \"int64\",\n  \"female\": \"int64\",\n  \"anti_immi1_or\": \"int64\",\n  \"anti_immi2_or\": \"int64\",\n  \"anti_immi1_and\": \"int64\",\n  \"anti_immi2_and\": \"int64\",\n  \"anti_immi1_ave\": \"float64\",\n  \"anti_immi2_ave\": \"float64\",\n  \"imdfetn_dummy\": \"int64\",\n  \"imdfetn_dummy_strong\": \"int64\",\n  \"imsmetn_dummy\": \"int64\",\n  \"imsmetn_dummy_strong\": \"int64\",\n  \"impcntr_dummy\": \"int64\",\n  \"impcntr_dummy_strong\": \"int64\",\n  \"imbgeco_dummy\": \"int64\",\n  \"imueclt_dummy\": \"int64\",\n  \"imwbcnt_dummy\": \"int64\",\n  \"mother_secondary\": \"float64\",\n  \"father_secondary\": \"float64\",\n  \"live_with_partner\": \"int64\",\n  \"never_married\": \"float64\",\n  \"ever_divorced\": \"float64\",\n  \"child_at_home\": \"int64\",\n  \"ever_child_at_home\": \"int64\",\n  \"imdfetn\": \"float64\",\n  \"imsmetn\": \"float64\",\n  \"impcntr\": \"float64\",\n  \"imbgeco\": \"float64\",\n  \"imueclt\": \"float64\",\n  \"imwbcnt\": \"float64\",\n  \"close_far_right_scale\": \"float64\",\n  \"scale\": \"float64\",\n  \"cont_scale\": \"float64\",\n  \"factor\": \"float64\",\n  \"scale_within\": \"float64\",\n  \"cont_scale_within\": \"float64\",\n  \"factor_within\": \"float64\"\n }\n}"}