{"part":"task","text":"# Datasets\nPass a dataset's id as the `dataset` argument.\n{\n \"id\": \"ds_0069\",\n \"rows\": 1429,\n \"description\": \"| Variable Name | Description |\\n| --- | --- |\\n| Unnamed: 0 | Internal row identifier from the source file. |\\n| nom_comm | Commune (municipality) name. |\\n| nom_dept | Department name. |\\n| dep | Department code (INSEE department number). |\\n| near_km | Absolute distance from the commune centroid to the WWII demarcation line (kilometers; nonnegative). |\\n| north | Zone indicator based on the 1940\u20131944 demarcation line: 1 if the commune is on the **German-administered (\u201coccupied\u201d) zone** side of the line (north side in this dataset), 0 otherwise. |\\n| south | Zone indicator based on the 1940\u20131944 demarcation line: 1 if the commune is on the **Vichy-administered (\u201cunoccupied\u201d) zone** side of the line (south side in this dataset), 0 otherwise. (Complement of `north` for included communes.) |\\n| s | Sabotage event count in the commune, December 1942\u2013September 1944. Includes consequential attacks against infrastructure (primarily railroad and communications targets; e.g., bridge destruction, telegraph/electrical station destruction, train derailments, vehicle bombings). |\\n| fighting | Fighting event count in the commune, December 1942\u2013September 1944. Aggregates resistance-initiated armed engagements (attacks, ambushes, skirmishes) against German and/or Vichy personnel. |\\n| civil_fatal | Civilian fatalities attributed to wartime reprisals/countermeasures recorded for the commune (event counts compiled from archival sources; some components may not be timestamped as precisely as sabotage/fighting). |\\n| civil_deport | Forced labor deportations associated with the commune (event counts compiled from archival sources; some components may not be timestamped as precisely as sabotage/fighting). |\\n| fatalities | Resistance combat fatalities associated with the commune (excluding deaths due to captivity, sickness, or subsequent wounds, per archival coding). |\\n| arrests | Arrests of resistance members associated with the commune (event counts compiled from archival sources). |\\n| area_sqkm | Land area of the commune (square kilometers). |\\n| pctleft | Share of votes for left-wing parties in the 1936 legislative election (originally tabulated at canton level and mapped to communes; proportion on 0\u20131 scale). |\\n| pctright | Share of votes for right-wing parties in the 1936 legislative election (originally tabulated at canton level and mapped to communes; proportion on 0\u20131 scale). |\\n| population | Commune population from the 1936 census (count of residents). |\\n| distancetotrain | Distance to the nearest train station (kilometers). |\\n| communications | Communications infrastructure index in 1939 (0\u20133), indicating presence of: post office, telegraph station, and telephone bureau (sum of indicators). |\\n| sd_elev250 | Terrain ruggedness: standard deviation of elevation within the commune, computed from ~250m-resolution elevation data (meters). |\\n| elev_mean | Mean elevation within the commune (meters). |\\n| hectares_scaled | Prewar agricultural measure of actively farmed area for the commune (hectares; variable name reflects a rescaling/standardization step in the source file). |\\n| x2 | Projected x-coordinate (easting) of the commune centroid (meters; map projection as used in the source GIS). |\\n| y2 | Projected y-coordinate (northing) of the commune centroid (meters; map projection as used in the source GIS). |\\n| forest90_pct | Percentage of commune land area classified as forest (percent). |\\n| finance_pop | Variable present in the source file but not documented in the accompanying paper text provided for this benchmark (meaning/units unknown). |\\n| valeur | Variable present in the source file but not documented in the accompanying paper text provided for this benchmark (meaning/units unknown). |\\n| near_km_n | Signed distance from the commune centroid to the WWII demarcation line (kilometers). **Negative values indicate the Vichy-administered (south) zone; positive values indicate the German-administered (north) zone; 0 corresponds to the line.** |\\n\\nDataset Context:\\nThe dataset is a commune-level compilation for four French departments intersected by the WWII demarcation line\u2014Charente, Cher, Sa\u00f4ne-et-Loire, and Vienne\u2014covering the period after German forces expanded their military presence across all of France while the administrative division associated with the demarcation line remained in place (November 1942\u2013September 1944). Communes are assigned to zones defined by the historical 1940\u20131944 demarcation line: the German-administered (\u201coccupied\u201d) zone side and the Vichy-administered (\u201cunoccupied\u201d) zone side. The file combines wartime resistance event counts (sabotage and armed engagements, recorded December 1942\u2013September 1944) and related wartime repression measures (arrests, fatalities, civilian reprisals, and forced labor deportations, as compiled from archival sources) with prewar socio-political and infrastructural characteristics (1936 population and vote shares, 1939 communications facilities, prewar agricultural land use) and geographic attributes (commune area, elevation, ruggedness, distance to rail, and coordinates).\\n\\nData were assembled from French departmental archives and military historical records for wartime events; from the 1936 census and election returns for demographic and political variables; from a 1939 directory of communes for communications infrastructure; from prewar agricultural surveys for cultivated land; and from digital elevation models for topography. The demarcation line was digitized from historical maps, and distances were computed from commune centroids; communes whose territory was directly intersected by the line were excluded from the constructed analytic sample because zone status cannot be assigned unambiguously at the commune level when the line cuts through a commune. The resulting cross-sectional file supports analysis of spatial patterns in wartime activity and their relationship to local prewar characteristics among communes situated near a historically imposed internal boundary.\\n\",\n \"columns\": {\n  \"Unnamed: 0\": \"int64\",\n  \"nom_comm\": \"str\",\n  \"nom_dept\": \"str\",\n  \"dep\": \"int64\",\n  \"near_km\": \"float64\",\n  \"north\": \"int64\",\n  \"south\": \"int64\",\n  \"s\": \"int64\",\n  \"fighting\": \"int64\",\n  \"civil_fatal\": \"int64\",\n  \"civil_deport\": \"int64\",\n  \"fatalities\": \"int64\",\n  \"arrests\": \"int64\",\n  \"area_sqkm\": \"float64\",\n  \"pctleft\": \"float64\",\n  \"pctright\": \"float64\",\n  \"population\": \"float64\",\n  \"distancetotrain\": \"float64\",\n  \"communications\": \"float64\",\n  \"sd_elev250\": \"float64\",\n  \"elev_mean\": \"float64\",\n  \"hectares_scaled\": \"float64\",\n  \"x2\": \"float64\",\n  \"y2\": \"float64\",\n  \"forest90_pct\": \"float64\",\n  \"finance_pop\": \"float64\",\n  \"valeur\": \"float64\",\n  \"near_km_n\": \"float64\"\n }\n}"}